Discharges from the genitals can bother not only girls, but also men. Males have normal secretions that are odorless. Their source is the urethra. In women, the discharge is called leucorrhoea. If you have noticed unhealthy secretions in yourself, urgently go to an in-person visit to a urologist.
Norm or pathology?
The urethra is the male urethra. From there they appear from time to time. There is such a thing as urethrhoea. It can be physiological or libidinous. A transparent shade appears from the exit of the urethra. It happens in the morning, right after waking up or when a man is sexually aroused.
Urethrhoea can be more pronounced or weaker. The lubricant released during arousal contains sperm. Therefore, if you do not want children yet, it is worth protecting yourself even with previous strokes on the genitals. Male secretions help sperm pass through the urethra and enter and exit the partner's vagina. After all, the environment there is acidic, and this harms the life of the sperm.
The defecation area can be the second cause of discharge in boys and men. When a man pushes, he has discharge on the head of the penis that is odorless and colorless. Sometimes they can have white-gray inclusions. Their consistency is viscous. These are secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles. Emergence is possible after the completion of bladder emptying. Then it is called the mikal prostorea. In extremely rare cases, a man notices such secretions after coughing. It is not a disease but a disease that can be cured.
The next type of discharge from the male genitals is. It includes the secretion of the glans of the penis and the foreskin. If a man washes, changes his underwear and does not wear foreign clothes, then these secretions will be washed away. And they won't be the center of attention. If hygiene is not so good, quite a lot of smegma can accumulate. Pathological flora will multiply and develop there, because the genitals and underwear will smell unpleasant.
Sperm
Semen - secretions that contain a lot of smermia (sperm). Sperm is released during ejaculation, that is, at the moment of highest pleasure during intercourse of a different nature. Men and boys also sometimes have wet dreams in a dream, then sperm is also released from the penis.
Wet dreams occur mainly during puberty. This is 2-5 cases per month. But as the hormonal balance changes, wet dreams can occur even several times a week. If spermatozoa do not come out of the penis at the moment of orgasm, it is called "". This is a disease caused by a violation of vascular muscle tone. Basically, this happens with brain diseases or chronic inflammation in the channels.
Pathological discharge
Physiological discharges that are common in boys and men are described above. Here we will look at discharges that are related to health problems. Basically, abnormal discharge from the urethra bothers men with urethritis. It is an inflammatory process that develops in the urethra. Infection or non-infectious factors can cause urethritis.
Infection can be both specific and non-specific. Specific is mainly trichomoniasis or gonorrhea. And non-specific urethritis can be caused by the following pathogens:
- mycoplasma
- ureaplasma
- chlamydia
- herpes
- Staphylococcus aureus
- streptococcus
Non-infectious causes of urethritis and associated genital discharge:
- injury, narrowing of the urethra
- irritation with chemicals
- mechanical damage to the mucous membrane
- effect of allergens
Discharge from the genital tract in men can be different both in terms of color and transparency. It depends on how active the inflammation is, at what stage it is, what kind of flora is caused. Penile secretions include:
- mucus
- liquid
- cells of different origins
If there is a lot of the last-named component, then the secretions become cloudy, which the man himself can visually observe. If epithelial cells appear in large numbers in the discharge, then the discharge thickens and acquires a gray hue.
Symptoms of candidiasis:
- white spots on the head of the penis
- the head of the penis has an unpleasant smell that resembles yeast or sour bread
- there are unpleasant sensations on the penis and in the perineum: burning, itching, sometimes pain
- more secretions when emptying the bladder
- reddish spots on the tip of the penis and inside the foreskin
- white discharge other than urination
- pain during intercourse (on the head and foreskin)
- the sexual partner (wife, girl) complains of discomfort to pain during sexual intercourse
- the partner has a white discharge of curdled consistency
The second possible cause of white discharge in men is ureaplasmosis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis. It can also be inflammation of the prostate gland, the symptoms of which are:
- frequent urge to urinate
- discomfort during bowel movements
- burning in perineum and urethra
- periodic and difficult emptying of the bladder
- sexual disorders
If prostatitis is not treated, then the erection will disappear, and it will not be possible to conceive a child in the future. Therefore, if one or more of the above symptoms appear, consult a doctor immediately for an in-person consultation.
Trichomoniasis can cause yellow discharge in men. But in most cases, the disease has a latent course, that is, there will be no symptoms. If the symptoms persist, then the following will occur, among others:
- discomfort in the perineum
- a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen
- frequent and overwhelming urge to urinate
- burning and burning when urinating
Discharge with smell
The first possible reason (and the most harmless) is a violation of hygiene. As mentioned above, smegma is a normal (non-disease) male secretion. If you do not wash regularly, at least once a day, then smegma accumulates, bacteria multiply in it, causing unpleasant odors. These scents can vary from person to person.
If you follow the rules of hygiene and the unpleasant smell is still there, the doctor may suspect a metabolic disorder. In such cases, the most common cause is diabetes. The smegma will stand out in a sufficiently large amount because the laundry will be wet.
Infections also cause smelly discharge in men. Basically, a pathological process occurs in the urethra. A doctor may suspect urethritis caused by a gonorrhea infection. The nature of the discharge is described above. If the secretions from the penis smell sour in men, it is likely that urogenital candidiasis develops.
If the discharge from the genitals smells like fish, it is likely that the man has gardnerellosis. The same pathogen in women causes a disease calledBut these are very rare cases, the disease is much more common in women. Gardnerella is conditionally pathogenic flora. It multiplies when exposed to certain factors. Factors in the development of Gardnerellosis:
- promiscuous sex life
- tight-fitting synthetic underwear (made from unnatural materials)
- long courses of antibiotics or immunosuppressants
- spermicidal condoms
- inflammation of the urinary tract
- lowered immunity
Discharge with blood in men
The main reason is infection. The discharge may be completely bloody or contain streaks of blood. If the infection multiplies in the urethra, then you will notice such a symptom in yourself, but not necessarily. Urethritis in such cases is mainly caused by Candida, Trichomonas or gonorrhea infection. The stronger the inflammation, the more blood is released.
Possible reason number two is carelessly performed medical manipulations. The urethra is injured and therefore blood is released. Procedures that can damage the urethra:
- catheter insertion
- catheter removal
- bougienage
- taking a tampon
- cystoscopy
Donations with blood are simultaneous. It should be noted that in this case red blood without clots stops quickly.
The next cause of bloody discharge from the penis is the passage of stones, sand. They are excreted from the kidneys or bladder and pass through the urethra. Microliths are hard, they injure mucous membranes and blood vessel walls, which become a direct cause of bleeding. There are also feelings of pain.
It also provokes discharge with blood inclusions in some cases. Blood in the urine that a man sees when going to the toilet is called gross hematuria. Then symptoms such as increased blood pressure, swelling develop in parallel.
There can also be an even more serious cause of bloody discharge in boys and men - cancer. Malignant tumors can be from the following organs:
- testicles
- penis
- prostate etc.
The blood will then be brown or dark and the discharge will contain blood clots.
Isolation of blood with sperm
Such discharge is called "hematospermia". It can be true or false. If hematospermia is false, blood mixes with the semen as it passes through the urethra. If this pathology is true, then the blood mixes with sperm even before exiting through the urethra.
Hematospermia is manifested by the following signs (clinical picture):
- urination disorders
- pain during ejaculation
- discomfort and back pain
- pain and/or swelling in the genitals
- high body temperature
Causes of bleeding with semen:
- prolonged sexual abstinence
- excessively active sexual life (vessel walls are torn during vaginal intercourse)
- varicose veins of the pelvic organs
- stones in the testicles and vas deferens
- malignant and benign formations in the urogenital organs
- biopsy
- genital surgery
Physiological secretions
A man's health is indicated by physiological discharge from the urethra, which is observed in the following cases:
Libidine or physiological urethrhoea
This condition occurs when a clear discharge appears on the head of the penis during sexual arousal or in the morning, immediately after sleep. Their number varies from man to man and is directly related to the severity of sexual arousal. But in any case, it is important to remember that such secretions, when excited, contain a small amount of sperm, so if they enter the partner's genitals, she is at risk of pregnancy. The function of the described secretions is to ensure the penetration of spermatozoa through the female urethra and vagina, where there is an acidic environment that damages the "gums", and to enter them in a viable way into the uterine cavity and tubes. for egg fertilization.
Defecation room
As intra-abdominal pressure increases (during exercise), transparent, odorless discharge with possible gray-white streaks may appear in the head of the penis. Such secretions are viscous and consist of a mixture of prostate secretion and seminal vesicles. Similar secretions can also appear at the end of urination, in which case they speak of a urinary stoma. In exceptional cases, such secretions also appear with a strong cough. They are not considered an organic pathology, but only indicate a violation of the autonomous regulation of the genitals.
Smegma
Smegma (lubrication of the foreskin) is a secretion consisting of the secretions of the sebaceous glands of the head of the penis and the foreskin. Usually, if a man observes the rules of personal hygiene, such discharges do not cause inconvenience, as they are mechanically washed off with water. But if hygiene is not followed, smegma accumulates and microorganisms multiply in it, which serve as a source of unpleasant odor.
ejaculation
Semen, which contains a large number of spermatozoa, is usually released during ejaculation (ejaculation) at the end of sexual intercourse or spontaneously, in a dream (pollution). Wet dreams are observed in adolescent boys and occur either several times a month or 1-3 times a week (hormonal changes).
In some cases, spermatorrhea, that is, the flow of sperm from the urethra without sexual intercourse and orgasm, indicates a pathology when the tone of the vascular muscle layer is disturbed in the presence of chronic inflammation or brain diseases.
Pathological discharge
All other secretions that exceed physiological ones are pathologies and mainly indicate inflammation of the urethra or urethritis. different, they can be both infectious and non-infectious.
The causes of infection are divided into specific and non-specific.
- Specific etiological factors include sexually transmitted diseases, this and.
- Non-specific infectious urethritis is caused by opportunistic bacteria, viruses and fungi:
- chlamydial urethritis;
- ureaplasma and mycoplasma urethritis;
- candidal urethritis or urogenital candidiasis in men;
- herpetic urethritis and others (E. coli, streptococci, staphylococci).
Non-infectious factors of inflammation include:
- allergic reactions
- mechanical damage to the mucous membrane of the urethra
- irritation of the urethra with chemicals
- injury, narrowing of the urethra.
Male secretions can vary in transparency and color. These parameters are influenced by the intensity of the inflammatory process, its stage and etiological factor. Discharges are formed from fluid, mucus and various cells.
- Cloudy - if there is a large number of cells, then the discharge has a cloudy color.
- Gray or thick - with a predominance of epithelial cells in the secretions, they become gray in color and become thick.
- Yellow, green or yellow-green - if the discharge contains a large number of leukocytes, it becomes yellow and even green in color, it is also called purulent discharge.
It should be noted that with the same pathology, the nature of discharge changes over time.
White discharge
White discharge in men occurs for several reasons. First of all, candidiasis should be ruled out (see ). The following symptoms are observed with this disease:
- the head of the penis smells unpleasantly like sour bread or yeast;
- the head of the penis is covered with a whitish coating;
- there is itching, burning and even pain in the penis and perineum;
- discharge appears during urination;
- reddish spots (irritation, inflammation) are marked on the head and inner surface of the foreskin;
- there is pain during sexual intercourse, discomfort is felt in the area of the head and foreskin;
- white discharge is observed not only during urination;
- the partner complains of itching and burning, pain during intercourse, clotted secretions.
Transparent accents
- Chlamydia, ureaplasmosis - with chlamydia or ureaplasma urethritis in the chronic stage of the disease, a transparent mucous membrane is possible. As the process worsens, the number of leukocytes increases in the secretions, and they acquire a greenish or yellowish color.
- Trichomoniasis, gonorrhea - also transparent, abundant discharge with a large amount of mucus, which is observed during the day, is possible in the initial stages of Trichomonas or gonococcal infection. In the case of chlamydia (ureaplasmosis), subjective sensations are often absent (pain, itching, burning), and clear discharge appears after prolonged urination.
yellow discharge
Purulent discharge, which includes thinned urethral epithelium, significant numbers of leukocytes, and urethral mucus, is yellowish or greenish in color. Yellow or green discharge is a characteristic sign of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Gonorrhea - the discharge is thick and has an unpleasant putrid smell, is observed during the day, and is accompanied by pain when urinating. A man should first think about a gonorrhea infection if there is a classic pair of symptoms: discharge and itching.
- Trichomoniasis - also with yellow discharge, trichomoniasis is not excluded, although it is often asymptomatic. With severe symptoms of trichomonas infection, in addition to purulent discharge, a man is troubled by a frequent and overwhelming urge to urinate, a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen and discomfort in the perineum.
Discharge with smell
Violation of hygiene
If the conditions of intimate hygiene are not observed, an unpleasant smell from the perineum and penis can be observed:
- Smegma is an excellent breeding ground for microorganisms, which, multiplying and dying, create an unpleasant odor if the external genitalia are not thoroughly washed regularly.
- In addition, in case of metabolic disorders, the smegma itself can have an unpleasant odor. At the same time, the release of smegma is so intense that it soaks through the underwear.
infections
Discharges with a smell are most often observed with an infectious lesion of the urethra. First of all, gonorrhoeal urethritis should be ruled out - thick, yellow or green discharge that occurs throughout the day.
The smell of sour secretions is a pathognomonic symptom of urogenital candidiasis. Infection with fungi of the genus Candida causes the appearance of cheesy or milky white discharge (see ).
It is also possible to have an incredible smell of secretions, characteristic of gardnerellosis, which is quite typical for women (called bacterial vaginosis), and the development of this disease in men is quite stupid. Gardnerella belongs to conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and begins to multiply actively only under certain conditions:
- weakening of the immune system;
- concurrent inflammatory processes of urogenital organs;
- intestinal dysbacteriosis;
- using condoms with spermicides;
- long-term treatment with antibiotics or immunosuppressants (cytostatic agents, corticosteroids);
- tight underwear made of synthetic fabrics;
- promiscuous sex life.
Discharges with blood
infections
Bloody discharge or discharge with streaks of blood is often observed with an infectious lesion of the urethra. Blood admixture is characteristic of gonorrhea, trichomonosis or candidal urethritis. In addition, the amount of blood is directly related to the intensity of inflammation.
Often, blood is observed in chronic urethritis (the mucous membrane of the urethra is relaxed and reacts with contact bleeding to the slightest irritation, including leakage of urine through the canal).
Medical manipulations
Another reason for this is trauma to the urethra during medical procedures. Single-stage bleeding may be observed during crude bougienage, catheter insertion and removal, cystoscopy, or smear removal. They differ in that red blood does not have clots, and the bleeding itself stops very quickly.
Passage of stones, sand
Among other things, discharge with blood can be observed when small stones or sand pass through the urethra (from the kidneys or bladder). The hard surface of microliths damages mucous membranes and blood vessel walls, causing bleeding. In this case, blood is most noticeable during urination, which is accompanied by pain.
Glomerulonephritis
Gross hematuria is also possible in the presence of glomerulonephritis. In this case, there is a triad of symptoms: gross hematuria, edema, increased blood pressure.
Isolation of blood with sperm
We must not forget about such a symptom as discharge (hematospermia). There is false and true hematospermia. With fake blood, it is mixed with sperm as it passes through the urethra. And with true blood enters the ejaculate even before it passes through the urethra. Hematospermia is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- pain during ejaculation;
- urination disorders;
- pain and/or swelling in the genitals (testicles and scrotum);
- discomfort and back pain;
- increase in body temperature.
One of the causes of hematospermia is:
- excessively active sex life or vice versa,
- prolonged abstinence of the genitals while there is a rupture of the blood vessel walls in the tissues of the genitals during sexual intercourse
- Previous surgery or biopsy can also cause blood in the semen
- hematospermia appears with benign and malignant tumors of the urogenital organs
- in the presence of stones in the testicles and vas deferens
- with varicose veins of the pelvic organs.
As you know, discharge from the male penis can be both physiological and pathological. Physiological includes secretions resulting from the activity of the gonads, including sexual arousal.
Such secretions from the penis are a clear viscous liquid and do not cause any discomfort to the man with their presence. Physiological discharge on the head of the penis in a healthy man is normal and quite common. Other discharges on the head in men are pathological in nature and are usually accompanied by a certain infection.